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Introduction Real-time control plays a crucial role in modern engineering applications, allowing systems to react immediately to inputs and dynamically adjust their behavior. Whether in industrial automation, robotics, automotive systems, or power control, the ability to execute control algorithms in real-time is essential for achieving precision, efficiency, and robustness. MATLAB and Simulink, developed by MathWorks, […]

Introduction In modern electrical and industrial control systems, precise mathematical modeling is often challenging due to uncertainties, nonlinearities, and variations in operating conditions. Traditional control systems rely on exact mathematical formulations, making them less effective in complex environments. Fuzzy logic, introduced by Lotfi Zadeh in the 1960s, offers a robust solution by allowing control decisions

Introduction Stability analysis plays a crucial role in control system design, ensuring that a system responds predictably to inputs without excessive oscillations or divergence. Two of the most widely used techniques for stability analysis are Bode plots and Nyquist plots, both of which provide insights into frequency-domain characteristics. These methods help engineers determine key properties

Introduction Electrical systems are fundamental to modern technology, spanning power generation, electronic circuits, communication networks, and control systems. Modeling these systems effectively allows engineers and researchers to analyze and predict behavior under various conditions. One of the most powerful methods for representing electrical systems is state-space modeling, which provides a framework for expressing system dynamics

Introduction PID controllers play a crucial role in industrial automation by regulating process variables such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and speed. However, achieving optimal performance requires proper tuning of the PID parameters: proportional gain ((K_p)), integral time ((T_i)), and derivative time ((T_d)). One of the most commonly used empirical tuning methods is the Ziegler-Nichols

Introduction Voltage stability is a critical aspect of power system operation, ensuring that electrical networks maintain a steady voltage level under varying load conditions. As power demand increases and transmission networks become more complex, maintaining voltage stability becomes a significant challenge. Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices have emerged as a powerful solution to enhance

Introduction DC-DC converters play a crucial role in modern power electronics, enabling efficient voltage regulation for various applications. Among the most widely used converters are Buck and Boost converters, which step down and step up voltage levels, respectively. These converters are essential in battery-powered devices, renewable energy systems, and industrial automation. Designing and simulating these

Introduction In power electronics, selecting the right semiconductor switching device is crucial for achieving efficiency, reliability, and optimal performance in various high-power applications. Two of the most commonly used devices for such applications are the Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and the Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET). While both serve the fundamental purpose of switching electrical

Introduction Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a widely used technique in power electronics to control the output voltage of inverters. Among the various PWM methods, Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) are the most common techniques for controlling three-phase inverters. While SPWM is simpler and widely adopted, SVPWM offers

Introduction Multilevel inverters are advanced power electronic devices used for high-power and medium-voltage applications. They convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) with multiple voltage levels, improving efficiency and reducing harmonic distortion. These inverters are widely used in industrial motor drives, renewable energy systems, and electric vehicles due to their superior performance compared to